Categories: CELL BIOLOGY

What is Difference Between Mitochondria and Chloroplast?

The difference Between Mitochondria and Chloroplast is that Mitochondria and chloroplasts are the energy organelles of eukaryotic cells. Remember that eukaryotes are cells that have a defined nucleus. These types of cells are those that are present in the vast majority of living things. That said, mitochondria and chloroplasts have specific functions depending on the type of cell where they are present.

Mitochondria

It can be said that mitochondria are organelles available in almost all eukaryotic cells. They are responsible for providing the energy required for cellular activity. Therefore, they are considered the power plant of the cell. In addition, they are responsible for synthesizing ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.

On the other hand, the mitochondria have two membranes and two internal compartments (intermembrane space and matrix), the inner membrane has ridges that separate the mitochondria into two sections; a matrix, and an intermembrane space. The function of mitochondria is aerobic respiration of cells, duplication of mitochondrial DNA and mitochondrial respiration.

Chloroplasts

In a simple way, chloroplasts are organelles that have a large delimited membrane. Therefore, these can only be found in those eukaryotic cells that fulfill the process of photosynthesis. That is plant cells and green algae and originates from photosynthetic bacteria. Thus, from its name, it can be deduced that they contain chlorophyll. For this reason, chloroplasts take advantage of sunlight to synthesize sugars and ATP to feed.

Also, these organelles are made up of three membranes. Among them, we mention the external, internal and tilacoidal. They divide three internal compartments such as the stroma, intermembrane space, and the tilacoidal space. In this space or tilacoidal membrane is where the photosynthetic chain is given by photosynthetic phosphorylation. Difference Between Mitochondria and Chloroplast

Difference between Mitochondria and Chloroplasts

Mitochondria	Chloroplasts
Mitochondria are present in animal and plant cells.	Chloroplasts are found exclusively in plant cells.
They originate from aerobic bacteria.	They originate from photosynthetic bacteria.
Its function is aerobic respiration of cells.	Its function is photosynthesis.
They have two membranes and two internal compartments.	They have three membranes (external, internal and tilacoidal) that delimit three compartments.
In the inner membrane, the respiratory chain is given by oxidative phosphorylation.	In the helicoidal membrane, the photosynthetic chain is given by photosynthetic phosphorylation.