Structure of proteins: Proteins (polypeptides) are molecules formed by amino acids linked together through peptide bonds during the transcription mechanism, resulting from genetic information that regulates, through these substances, all the cell’s metabolic reactions.
Each type of protein has the same amino acids, ordered linearly according to the same sequence, which means the primary structure of a polypeptide.
However, this filament, as a result of the spatial arrangement and the possibility of amino acid rotation, provides an arrangement configuring a helical aspect, that is, spiraled on itself, giving rise to the secondary structure.
As proteins are formed on the basis of 20 different types of amino acids, each with specific chemical properties (hydrogen and disulfide bonds), they can thus express attractive or repulsive interaction reactions, causing folds in the secondary structure, resulting in a third structural conformation. Finally, the quaternary structure refers to the formation of one or more protein chains joined together, forming tangles or fibers.
This fact, evolutionarily, represents one of the greatest perfections of the manifestation of life, because the function of a protein is closely related to its form.
Thus, any error, from the coordination from the DNA, can lead to metabolic disorders. Many diseases that affect humans are caused by genetic abnormalities that alter the morphology of a protein, most of the time losing its physiology.
Summary:
Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins in the body, and amino acid chains are proteins.
2. Animals need and must obtain essential amino acids from food because protein is also essential in animal essential food given that animals cannot make every amino acid.
3. French chemists Louis-Nicolas Vauquelin and Pierre Jean Robique revealed the earliest amino acids, while Dutch chemist Gerardus Johannes Mulder named proteins mainly by Swedish chemist Jöns Jacob Berzelius in 1838.
4. Protein degradation is due to failure to obtain sufficient amounts of one of the 10 essential amino acids.
