Bacteria are the largest kingdom of microorganisms. Eubacteria are also called “true bacteria” and are usually microscopic unicellular prokaryotes without a nucleus and without organelles such as mitochondria, ribosomes, etc. Cyanobacteria are blue-green bacteria that have a nucleus but are slightly altered due to their function. Cyanobacteria are a type of eubacteria.
Cyanobacteria are a subgroup of eubacteria that obtain energy through photosynthesis. The most important and characteristic feature of this class of bacteria is that they produce oxygen as a by-product of photosynthesis. Cyanobacteria perform photosynthesis to obtain energy for their own functions, so they produce oxygen. In this complex process, they convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia and nitrates. They effectively make these nitrogen-containing products available to the soil for use by plants. To perform these tasks, cyanobacteria grow specialized cells called xenomorphs. Heterocyclic cells are special cells that are custom-made to convert nitrogen in the air; they can convert even a small amount of nitrogen into ammonia in the soil. Basically, heterocysts are nitrogen-fixing cells formed by cyanobacteria in the absence of nitrogen in the air. They convert nitrogen to ammonia in the presence of enzymes called nitrogenases. Even the transformed nitrogen is utilized by the cells of the cyanobacteria. Under normal conditions, the enzyme nitrogenase remains inactive due to the presence of oxygen in the surrounding air.
Therefore, for this to work, cyanobacteria need an environment that produces anaerobic (anoxic) conditions. Cyanobacteria produce these anaerobic conditions by producing multiple cells that prevent oxygen from fully entering the walls of bacterial cells. Additionally, they established a mechanism by which any traces of oxygen left in the battery would drain and drain. As such, cyanobacteria are farmers’ friends because they help provide vital nitrogen to crops. Some cyanobacteria are used in the production of nutraceuticals due to their high protein content.
Eubacteria are the most common form of bacteria. The kingdom of eubacteria is divided into five leaves called spirochetes, chlamydia, gram-positive bacteria, cyanobacteria, and proteobacteria. Technically, eubacteria are bacteria that lack a nucleus. Eubacteria lack mitochondria and chloroplasts and have rigid cell walls made of proteoglycans. These eubacteria divide by binary fission. Simply put, the chromosomes are divided into two halves. It is a method of asexual reproduction. All eubacteria are spiral, rod-shaped or spherical. The spores they form are resistant to dehydration and extreme temperatures, making the eubacteria resistant and tough. The cell membrane is composed of double layers of phospholipids, free of cholesterol and steroids. They obtain their nutrition through photoautotrophic, chemoautotrophic, photoheterotrophic or chemoheterotrophic mechanisms, depending on the energy source. Energy can be light, organic or inorganic chemicals. Eubacteria are very useful in industry as they are used to produce certain medicines, wine, cheese and even dairy products. Certain eubacteria are also used in water-wasting plants to treat and clean water.
Summary : Eubacteria and cyanobacteria are extremely important for their industrial use. Eubacteria are a larger kingdom that is further divided into five subgroups, of which cyanobacteria are one subgroup. The characteristics of the group always apply to the subgroup as well. Therefore, we conclude that all cyanobacteria are a form of eubacteria, but all eubacteria are not blue-green and therefore cannot be called cyanobacteria.
