The word Protoplasm is derived from the Greek “protos,” which means “first,” and “plasma,” which means “something that forms.” Protoplasm is considered to be the material basis of life. A protoplast cell includes the nucleus, the cell membrane and the cytoplasm . Therefore, the cytoplasm is a part of the cytoplasm of the cell. Cytoplasm is not different from protoplasm, but a part of protoplasm. Cytoplasm and protoplasm are suspensions of cells and provide sites for biological processes to take place. Protoplast consists of a membrane or cell membrane that confines the plasma on all sides while cytoplasm is the substance which exists around the nucleus within the cell.
Components
Cytoplasm consists of cytoplasm, organelles and inclusion bodies whereas protoplasm consists of cytoplasm, nucleus and cell membrane. The cytoplasm of the cytoplasm consists of water, salts and organic molecules. Organelles are tiny organ-like structures that exist within cells with predefined and specific functions. Inclusions are insoluble particles present in the cytoplasm.
Protoplasts are considered to be active substances within cells. It is a complex translucent substance, semi-consistent, mainly composed of nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, carbohydrates and inorganic salts.
Structural Difference
The key difference between cytoplasm and protoplasm is that cytoplasm does not have a nucleus whereas protoplasm has a nucleus as its structure. Cytoplasm is the organelle of protoplasm, mainly composed of water and other substances such as proteins, food reserves and metabolic wastes.
Protoplasts are sticky, sticky substances with a jelly-like consistency in which many biological and chemical cellular processes take place. In organisms that have a nucleus, the protoplasm surrounding the nucleus is called the cytoplasm. In prokaryotes (organisms lacking a nucleus) all the contents of a cell are considered in the cytoplasm, whereas in eukaryotes, the cellular contents present in the nucleus are separated from the cytoplasm by a defined nuclear membrane. The content present within the nucleus is called the nucleoplasm.
Chemical properties
The inorganic substances that make up the protoplasm are mainly water, mineral salts and gases.
Functional Differences
The organelles present in the cytoplasm are the Golgi apparatus, mitochondria , endoplasmic reticulum and ribosomes. These organelles have very specific and distinct functions. Mitochondria perform cellular respiration, while ribosomes serve as sites for protein synthesis. Other important functions that take place in the cytoplasm are glycolysis and cell division processes. Protoplast is also considered to be the living part of a cell because all important processes required for cell survival take place in the protoplasm. Protoplast is also considered the shape of an organism because it is a translucent, viscous and watery substance. Living protoplasm responds to stimuli and also excludes excretory products.
Summary
The difference between protoplasm and cytoplasm is very small. The protoplasm is the contents of a cell, including the cell membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleus, while the cytoplasm is the jelly-like substance that surrounds the nucleus within the cell membrane. Cytoplasm contains organelles such as mitochondria, ribosomes, etc. In prokaryotes, there is no well-defined nucleus, the cytoplasm also acts as nucleoplasm and contains chromatin.
